feat(query): Support Geometry aggregate functions

[b41sh]

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Summary

This PR introduces geometry scalar and aggregate functions, implements a consistent overlay pipeline for union/intersection/difference.

New Functions

Scalar Functions

• st_centroid — returns the centroid of a geometry/geography.
• st_envelope — returns the bounding rectangle as a polygon.
• st_union — returns the union of two geometries/geographies.
• st_intersection — returns the intersection of two geometries/geographies.
• st_difference — returns the portion of the first geometry/geography not in the second.
• st_symdifference — returns the symmetric difference of two geometries/geographies.

Aggregate Functions

• st_union_agg — unions all input geometries/geographies into one.
• st_intersection_agg — intersects all input geometries/geographies into one.
• st_envelope_agg — returns a bounding polygon for all inputs.
• st_collect — collects inputs into a Multi* or GeometryCollection.

Union, Intersection and Difference overlay operations details

• Geometry overlay operations normalizes inputs by dimension (points/lines/polygons), performs union/intersection/difference/symdifference and assembles the result as a unified geometry (Multi* when homogenous, GeometryCollection when mixed).
• For union-like cases with disjoint inputs, the pipeline reduces work by directly combining elements, while still preserving correct output types and ordering.

fixes: #[Link the issue here]

Tests

• Unit Test
• Logic Test
• Benchmark Test
• No Test - Explain why

Type of change

• Bug Fix (non-breaking change which fixes an issue)
• New Feature (non-breaking change which adds functionality)
• Breaking Change (fix or feature that could cause existing functionality not to work as expected)
• Documentation Update
• Refactoring
• Performance Improvement
• Other (please describe):

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[Copilot]

Pull request overview

This PR adds new spatial (Geometry/Geography) scalar and aggregate functions and introduces a shared overlay/aggregation implementation in the expression layer, with updated output formatting and extensive test coverage updates.

Changes:

• Add Geometry/Geography overlay-based scalar functions (centroid/envelope/union/intersection/difference/symdifference and boolean predicates) and new aggregates (union/intersection/envelope/collect).
• Introduce a geography projection model (best-SRID selection + project/overlay/unproject with coordinate rounding) and a unified aggregate implementation for spatial types.
• Update result formatting/serialization (notably Geography EWKT/EWKB) and refresh SQL logic + golden test outputs accordingly.

Reviewed changes

Copilot reviewed 33 out of 34 changed files in this pull request and generated 3 comments.

Show a summary per file

File	Description
THIRD-PARTY-NOTICES.txt	Adds third-party license notices/text for adapted GEOS/PostGIS-derived components.
tests/sqllogictests/suites/query/functions/02_0076_function_geography.test	Updates Geography outputs (EWKT includes SRID) and adds new scalar/aggregate test cases.
tests/sqllogictests/suites/query/functions/02_0060_function_geometry.test	Adds new Geometry scalar/aggregate test cases.
src/query/service/src/servers/http/v1/query/blocks_serializer.rs	Adjusts HTTP result serialization for Geography, forcing SRID=4326 for EWKT/EWKB.
src/query/functions/tests/it/scalars/testdata/geometry.txt	Updates golden outputs and adds coverage for new Geometry scalar functions.
src/query/functions/tests/it/scalars/testdata/function_list.txt	Registers new function overloads in the golden function list.
src/query/functions/tests/it/scalars/geometry.rs	Adds scalar integration tests for new Geometry functions.
src/query/functions/tests/it/scalars/geography.rs	Adds scalar integration tests for new Geography functions/predicates.
src/query/functions/tests/it/aggregates/testdata/agg.txt	Adds aggregate golden outputs for new spatial aggregates (incl. Geography).
src/query/functions/tests/it/aggregates/testdata/agg_group_by.txt	Adds group-by aggregate golden outputs for new spatial aggregates.
src/query/functions/tests/it/aggregates/agg.rs	Adds aggregate test cases and new sample datasets for spatial aggregates.
src/query/functions/src/scalars/geographic/src/register.rs	Introduces shared registration helpers for Geometry/Geography scalar functions and SRID checks.
src/query/functions/src/scalars/geographic/src/lib.rs	Wires in the new scalar registration module.
src/query/functions/src/aggregates/mod.rs	Switches spatial aggregates to the new unified aggregate module.
src/query/functions/src/aggregates/aggregator.rs	Registers new spatial aggregate functions in the aggregate factory.
src/query/functions/src/aggregates/aggregate_st_collect.rs	Removes the old Geometry-only st_collect aggregate implementation.
src/query/functions/src/aggregates/aggregate_geographic_agg.rs	Adds unified spatial aggregates: st_collect, st_union_agg, st_intersection_agg, st_envelope_agg.
src/query/formats/src/field_encoder/values.rs	Updates Geography field encoding for text/CSV/etc output formats (SRID handling for EWKT/EWKB).
src/query/expression/src/utils/display.rs	Adjusts internal scalar display formatting for Geography (via ToGeo + WKT).
src/query/expression/src/lib.rs	Exposes the new geographic module from the expression crate.
src/query/expression/src/geographic/mod.rs	Adds the expression-layer geographic module wiring.
src/query/expression/src/geographic/srid.rs	Adds best-SRID selection and projection/unprojection with rounding for Geography overlay execution.
src/query/expression/src/geographic/gbox.rs	Adds geocentric bounds (gbox) computations used for best-SRID selection.
src/query/expression/src/geographic/aggregate.rs	Adds overlay-based aggregate ops used by both scalar and aggregate functions.
src/query/expression/Cargo.toml	Adds proj4rs dependency for projection support.
src/common/io/src/lib.rs	Re-exports new geography formatting helper(s).
src/common/io/src/geometry.rs	Adds rect_to_polygon helper used by envelope-related ops.
src/common/io/src/geography.rs	Adds geography_format helper for consistent Geography formatting across output types.
Cargo.toml	Bumps geo-index and proj4rs workspace dependency versions.
Cargo.lock	Updates lockfile entries for the bumped/added dependencies.

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[Copilot]

Pull request overview

Copilot reviewed 28 out of 29 changed files in this pull request and generated 6 comments.

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