A curated list of popular Foundation Models in Healthcare. Please submit a pull request to contribute :-)
| Title | Institute | Date | Code |
|---|---|---|---|
| MedGemma: Google's most capable open models for medical text and image comprehension, built on Gemma 3 | Google |
2025-05 | HuggingFace  Github  |
| PH-LLM: Towards a Personal Health Large Language Model PHIA Transforming Wearable Data into Health Insights using Large Language Model Agents |
Google Research   |
2024-06 | Blog |
| Internist.ai: Impact of high-quality, mixed-domain data on the performance of medical language models | Université catholique de Louvain, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc  |
2024-05 | HuggingFace  |
| Med_Gemini-[2D,3D,Polygenic]: Advancing Multimodal Medical Capabilities of Gemini | Google Research, DeepMind  |
2024-05 | Blog |
| MedVersa: A Generalist Learner for Multifaceted Medical Image Interpretation | Harvard Medical School  |
2024-05 | - |
| OpenBioLLM-70B: Advancing Open-source Large Language Models in Medical Domain | Saama AI Labs | 2024-04 | HuggingFace  |
| Med-Gemini: Capabilities of Gemini Models in Medicine | Google Research, DeepMind  |
2024-04 | - |
| Llama-3[8B]-MeditronV1.0: — A State-of-the-Art Large Language Model for Medicine in 24 Hours | LiGHT, Yale-EPFL  |
2024-04 | Blog |
| Hippocrates: An Open-Source Framework for Advancing Large Language Models in Healthcare | KUIS AI Center  |
2024-04 | HuggingFace  |
| BioMistral: A Collection of Open-Source Pretrained Large Language Models for Medical Domains | LIA - Avignon Université, Nantes Université  |
2024-02 | HuggingFace  |
| AMIE: Towards Conversational Diagnostic AI | Google Research, DeepMind  |
2024-01 | - |
| MEDITRON-70B: Scaling Medical Pretraining for Large Language Models | EPFL Lausanne  |
2023-11 | Hugging🤗 Github  |
| Asclepius: Publicly Shareable Clinical Large Language Model Built on Synthetic Clinical Notes | KAIST  |
2023-09 | Hugging🤗 Github  |
| Radiology-Llama2: Best-in-Class Large Language Model for Radiology | University of Georgia  |
2023-08 | - |
| CoDoC: Enhancing the reliability and accuracy of AI-enabled diagnosis via complementarity-driven deferral to clinicians | DeepMind, Google  |
2023-07 | Github  |
| Med-PaLM 2: Towards Expert-Level Medical Question Answering with Large Language Models | Google  |
2023-05 | - |
| Clinical Camel: An Open-Source Expert-Level Medical Language Model with Dialogue-Based Knowledge Encoding | Vector Institute, University of Toronto  |
2023-05 | Hugging🤗 Github  |
| MEDALPACA - AN OPEN-SOURCE COLLECTION OF MEDICAL CONVERSATIONAL AI MODELS AND TRAINING DATA | University Hospital Aachen  |
2023-04 | Hugging🤗 Github  |
| PMC-LLaMA: Towards Building Open-source Language Models for Medicine | CMIC, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai AI Laboratory  |
2023-04 | Hugging🤗 Github  |
| ChatDoctor: A Medical Chat Model Fine-Tuned on a Large Language Model Meta-AI (LLaMA) Using Medical Domain Knowledge | University of Texas  |
2023-03 | Github  |
| BioMedLM-PubMedGPT: A purpose-built AI model trained to interpret biomedical language | Stanford CRFM, MosaicML | 2022-12 | HuggingFace  |
| Med-PaLM: Large Language Models Encode Clinical Knowledge | Google  |
2022-12 | Github  |
| ClinicalT5: A Generative Language Model for Clinical Text | University of Oregon, Baidu  |
2022-12 | HuggingFace  |
| GatorTron: A large language model for electronic health records | University of Florida, NVIDIA  |
2022-12 | HuggingFace  |
| BioGPT: Generative Pre-trained Transformer for Biomedical Text Generation and Mining | Microsoft Research  |
2022-09 | HuggingFace  |
| BioBART: Pretraining and Evaluation of A Biomedical Generative Language Model | Tsinghua University  |
2022-04 | HuggingFace  |
| KeBioLM: Improving Biomedical Pretrained Language Models with Knowledge | Tsinghua, Alibaba  |
2021-04 | Github  |
| Pretrained Language Models for Biomedical and Clinical Tasks: Understanding and Extending the State-of-the-Art | Meta  |
2020-11 | Github  |
| BioMegatron: Larger Biomedical Domain Language Model | NVIDIA  |
2020-10 | HuggingFace  |
| PubMedBERT: Domain-Specific Language Model Pretraining for Biomedical Natural Language Processing | Microsoft Research  |
2020-07 | HuggingFace  |
| Publicly Available Clinical BERT Embeddings | MIT CSAIL  |
2019-04 | HuggingFace  |
| ClinicalBERT: Modeling Clinical Notes and Predicting Hospital Readmission | Harvard, Princeton, NYU  |
2019-04 | Github  |
| BioBERT: a pre-trained biomedical language representation model for biomedical text mining | Korea University  |
2019‑01 | Github  |
| Title | Institute | Date | Code |
|---|---|---|---|
| LLaVA-Med: Training a Large Language-and-Vision Assistant for Biomedicine in One Day | Microsoft Research  |
2023-06 | Hugging🤗 Github  |
| Segment anything model for medical image analysis: An experimental study | Duke University  |
2023-04 | Github  |
| BiomedCLIP: a multimodal biomedical foundation model pretrained from fifteen million scientific image-text pairs | Microsoft Research  |
2023-03 | HuggingFace  |
| Title | Institute | Date |
|---|---|---|
| Integrating human expertise & automated methods for a dynamic and multi-parametric evaluation of large language models’ feasibility in clinical decision-making | University of {Bari, Rome}  |
2024-05 |
| Opportunities and challenges for ChatGPT and large language models in biomedicine and health | NIH  |
2024-01 |
| Evaluating the Medical Knowledge of Open LLMs - Part 1 | MedARC  |
2024-01 |
| A Survey of Large Language Models in Medicine: Principles, Applications, and Challenges | University of Oxford  |
2023-11 |
| Exploring the Boundaries of GPT-4 in Radiology | Microsoft, Harvard University  |
2023-10 |
| A Survey of Large Language Models for Healthcare: from Data, Technology, and Applications to Accountability and Ethics | IEEE members  |
2023-10 |
| Capabilities of GPT-4 on Medical Challenge Problems | Microsoft, OpenAI  |
2023-03 |
| Do We Still Need Clinical Language Models? | MIT, Xyla  |
2023-02 |
| Title | Institute | Date |
|---|---|---|
| The future landscape of large language models in medicine | TUD Dresden  |
2023-10 |