Skip to content

virtualenv.md

Latest commit

 

History

History
140 lines (117 loc) · 7.04 KB

virtualenv.md

File metadata and controls

140 lines (117 loc) · 7.04 KB
Raw

Create Isolated Python Environments for Package Installation

author: wcc

Use pip for Installing Python Packages to Different Python Interpreter

There are 3 different python interpreters in my system. Python 2.7 is the default python interpreter linked to python in the terminal. I forget whether it was builtin the system or installed along with Xcode. Notice that Python 2.6 is also there. Meanwhile Python 3 is linked to python3.

$ python --version
Python 2.7.10
$ python2.6 --version
Python 2.6.9
$ python3 --version
Python 3.5.1

pip and pip3 command is used to install packages for default Python and Python 3 respectively. It is set automatically when I used the python installer for Mac OS X.

$ which pip
/usr/local/bin/pip
$ which pip3
/usr/local/bin/pip3
$ ls -l /usr/local/bin/pip*
-rwxr-xr-x  1 root  wheel  281 Jun  6 10:34 /usr/local/bin/pip
-rwxr-xr-x  1 root  wheel  283 Jun  6 10:34 /usr/local/bin/pip2
-rwxr-xr-x  1 root  wheel  287 Jun  6 10:34 /usr/local/bin/pip2.7
lrwxrwxr-x  1 root  admin   66 Feb 14 06:29 /usr/local/bin/pip3 -> ../../../Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/bin/pip3
lrwxrwxr-x  1 root  admin   68 Feb 14 06:29 /usr/local/bin/pip3.5 -> ../../../Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/bin/pip3.5

Use the Package Installed to Python 3 by pip3 install

I tried to solve the problem raising this article is to install the virtual python environment builder Virtualenv. I use pip to install the virtualenv package to Python 3.

$ pip3 install virtualenv
$ vertualenv
-bash: vertualenv: command not found

We need to add the original bin directory of python3.5 to the environment variable PATH which contains the vertualenv program. I did this by editing the ~/.profile which involves the user setting of the bash terminal.

$ which python3
/usr/local/bin/python3
$ ls -l /usr/local/bin/python3
lrwxr-xr-x  1 root  wheel  69 Feb 14 06:29 /usr/local/bin/python3 -> ../../../Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/bin/python3

Add following scripts to ~/.profile and restart the terminal. Notice the path directory is same with the shown one after -> in the above script.

# Setting PATH for Python 3.5
PATH="${PATH}:/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/bin"
export PATH

Raised Problem

MySQLdb(mysql-python) dose not support Python 3 and above at the moment(12062016).

$ pip install mysql-python
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): mysql-python in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages

$ pip3 install mysql-python
Collecting mysql-python
  Using cached MySQL-python-1.2.5.zip
    Complete output from command python setup.py egg_info:
    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
      File "/private/var/folders/n8/0fz1g82j7js5d5dnfq9gpr_40000gn/T/pip-build-3xksmiqo/mysql-python/setup.py", line 13, in <module>
        from setup_posix import get_config
      File "/private/var/folders/n8/0fz1g82j7js5d5dnfq9gpr_40000gn/T/pip-build-3xksmiqo/mysql-python/setup_posix.py", line 2, in <module>
        from ConfigParser import SafeConfigParser
    ImportError: No module named 'ConfigParser'
    
    ----------------------------------------
Command "python setup.py egg_info" failed with error code 1 in /private/var/folders/n8/0fz1g82j7js5d5dnfq9gpr_40000gn/T/pip-build-3xksmiqo/mysql-python/

At the first glance, I thought mysql-python installation failed due to serveral different Python versions existing in my system at the same time. The script setup.py was executed by python(my default python command linked to Python 2.7), while I thought it should be python3(the command used to run my Python 3.5). Furthermore, considering the ImportError of lacking module ConfigParser(import of python is case sensitive, ConfigParser is Python 2.7 builtin module and has been changed to configparser since Python 3.0), I tried to find solutions for installing package for different Python Interpreter in one system.

Use virtualenv to Sovle the Package Installing Problem in Multi-Installation Python Enviroment

http://stackoverflow.com/a/7237949 As same as pip, virtualenv is recommended for Python installation in Python Packaging User Guide.

$ virtualenv temp-python
Using base prefix '/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5'
New python executable in /Users/CKL/Documents/MATLAB/temp-python/bin/python3.5
Also creating executable in /Users/CKL/Documents/MATLAB/temp-python/bin/python
Installing setuptools, pip, wheel...done.
$ source temp-python/bin/activate
(temp-python)$ python --version
3.5.1
(temp-python)$ which python
temp-python/bin/python
(temp-python)$ ls temp-python/bin
activate    easy_install-3.5  python-config
activate.csh    pip     python3
activate.fish   pip3      python3.5
activate_this.py  pip3.5      wheel
easy_install    python
(temp-python)$ pip install mysql-python
Collecting mysql-python
  Using cached MySQL-python-1.2.5.zip
    Complete output from command python setup.py egg_info:
    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
      File "/private/var/folders/n8/0fz1g82j7js5d5dnfq9gpr_40000gn/T/pip-build-qckpikbn/mysql-python/setup.py", line 13, in <module>
        from setup_posix import get_config
      File "/private/var/folders/n8/0fz1g82j7js5d5dnfq9gpr_40000gn/T/pip-build-qckpikbn/mysql-python/setup_posix.py", line 2, in <module>
        from ConfigParser import SafeConfigParser
    ImportError: No module named 'ConfigParser'
    
    ----------------------------------------
Command "python setup.py egg_info" failed with error code 1 in /private/var/folders/n8/0fz1g82j7js5d5dnfq9gpr_40000gn/T/pip-build-qckpikbn/mysql-python/
(temp-python)$ deactivate
$

virtualenv temp-python will make a folder temp-python in the current directory. The folder will involve the virtual enviroment for the specific Python Interpreter. The default interpreter is the one virtualenv installed with. Use virtualenv -h to check details.

Conclusion

some achievements