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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" data-theme="dark">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8" />
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, user-scalable=no" />
<title>Snake</title>
<style>
/* ─── CSS Custom Properties (themes) ─────────────────────────────────── */
:root[data-theme="dark"] {
--bg: #0d1117;
--surface: #161b22;
--border: #30363d;
--text: #e6edf3;
--text-muted: #8b949e;
--accent: #3ddc84;
--accent-dark: #2ab56a;
--food: #ff6b6b;
--food-glow: rgba(255, 107, 107, 0.5);
--grid-line: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.04);
--canvas-bg: #0d1117;
}
:root[data-theme="light"] {
--bg: #f6f8fa;
--surface: #ffffff;
--border: #d0d7de;
--text: #24292f;
--text-muted: #57606a;
--accent: #1a7f37;
--accent-dark: #2da44e;
--food: #cf222e;
--food-glow: rgba(207, 34, 46, 0.4);
--grid-line: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
--canvas-bg: #f6f8fa;
}
/* ─── Reset & Base ───────────────────────────────────────────────────── */
*, *::before, *::after { margin: 0; padding: 0; box-sizing: border-box; }
body {
background: var(--bg);
color: var(--text);
font-family: 'Segoe UI', system-ui, -apple-system, sans-serif;
min-height: 100svh;
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
padding: 16px;
gap: 12px;
transition: background 0.3s, color 0.3s;
}
/* ─── Header ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── */
.header {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: space-between;
width: min(400px, 100%);
}
.title {
font-size: 1.4rem;
font-weight: 800;
letter-spacing: 4px;
text-transform: uppercase;
color: var(--accent);
}
.btn-group { display: flex; gap: 6px; }
.icon-btn {
width: 34px;
height: 34px;
border-radius: 8px;
border: 1px solid var(--border);
background: var(--surface);
color: var(--text);
font-size: 1rem;
cursor: pointer;
display: flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
transition: background 0.15s, transform 0.1s;
user-select: none;
}
.icon-btn:hover { background: var(--border); }
.icon-btn:active { transform: scale(0.93); }
/* ─── Score Row ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────── */
.score-row {
display: flex;
align-items: stretch;
gap: 8px;
width: min(400px, 100%);
}
.score-box {
flex: 1;
background: var(--surface);
border: 1px solid var(--border);
border-radius: 10px;
padding: 8px 10px;
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
gap: 2px;
}
.score-label {
font-size: 0.6rem;
font-weight: 600;
text-transform: uppercase;
letter-spacing: 1.5px;
color: var(--text-muted);
}
.score-value {
font-size: 1.5rem;
font-weight: 700;
color: var(--accent);
line-height: 1;
}
@keyframes score-bump {
0% { transform: scale(1); }
40% { transform: scale(1.35); }
100% { transform: scale(1); }
}
.score-value.bump { animation: score-bump 0.2s ease-out; }
/* Speed level dots */
.speed-dots {
display: flex;
gap: 3px;
align-items: center;
padding-top: 2px;
}
.speed-dot {
width: 6px;
height: 6px;
border-radius: 50%;
background: var(--border);
transition: background 0.25s;
}
.speed-dot.on { background: var(--accent); }
/* ─── Game Wrapper & Canvas ──────────────────────────────────────────── */
.game-wrapper {
position: relative;
width: min(400px, 100%);
aspect-ratio: 1 / 1;
border-radius: 12px;
overflow: hidden;
border: 2px solid var(--border);
transition: border-color 0.3s;
}
canvas {
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
display: block;
image-rendering: pixelated;
}
/* ─── Overlay (start / pause / game-over) ───────────────────────────── */
.overlay {
position: absolute;
inset: 0;
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
gap: 14px;
background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.72);
backdrop-filter: blur(6px);
-webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(6px);
transition: opacity 0.25s;
}
.overlay.hidden {
opacity: 0;
pointer-events: none;
}
.overlay-emoji { font-size: 3rem; line-height: 1; }
.overlay-title {
font-size: 1.8rem;
font-weight: 800;
letter-spacing: 3px;
text-transform: uppercase;
color: var(--accent);
}
.overlay-sub {
font-size: 0.8rem;
color: #aaa;
text-align: center;
max-width: 220px;
line-height: 1.5;
}
.overlay-score-display {
font-size: 1.1rem;
color: var(--text);
font-weight: 600;
}
.play-btn {
background: var(--accent);
color: #000;
border: none;
border-radius: 8px;
padding: 11px 36px;
font-size: 0.95rem;
font-weight: 700;
letter-spacing: 1px;
text-transform: uppercase;
cursor: pointer;
margin-top: 4px;
transition: opacity 0.15s, transform 0.1s;
}
.play-btn:hover { opacity: 0.85; }
.play-btn:active { transform: scale(0.96); }
/* ─── Mobile D-Pad ───────────────────────────────────────────────────── */
.dpad {
display: none; /* hidden by default, shown on touch */
grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 52px);
grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 52px);
gap: 6px;
justify-content: center;
}
/* Only render D-pad on touch-primary devices */
@media (hover: none) and (pointer: coarse) {
.dpad { display: grid; }
}
.dpad-btn {
background: var(--surface);
border: 1px solid var(--border);
border-radius: 10px;
color: var(--text);
font-size: 1.3rem;
cursor: pointer;
display: flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
user-select: none;
-webkit-user-select: none;
touch-action: manipulation;
transition: background 0.1s, transform 0.1s;
}
.dpad-btn:active { background: var(--border); transform: scale(0.9); }
/* Grid placement */
.dpad-up { grid-column: 2; grid-row: 1; }
.dpad-left { grid-column: 1; grid-row: 2; }
.dpad-down { grid-column: 2; grid-row: 2; }
.dpad-right { grid-column: 3; grid-row: 2; }
/* ─── Footer ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── */
footer {
font-size: 0.68rem;
color: var(--text-muted);
text-align: center;
letter-spacing: 0.5px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<!-- ── Header ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── -->
<header class="header">
<div class="title">Snake</div>
<div class="btn-group">
<button class="icon-btn" id="themeBtn" title="Toggle theme (T)">🌙</button>
<button class="icon-btn" id="pauseBtn" title="Pause / Resume (P)">⏸</button>
<button class="icon-btn" id="soundBtn" title="Toggle sound (M)">🔊</button>
</div>
</header>
<!-- ── Score Row ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── -->
<div class="score-row">
<div class="score-box">
<div class="score-label">Score</div>
<div class="score-value" id="scoreVal">0</div>
</div>
<div class="score-box">
<div class="score-label">Speed</div>
<div class="speed-dots" id="speedDots"></div>
</div>
<div class="score-box">
<div class="score-label">Best</div>
<div class="score-value" id="bestVal">0</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- ── Game Canvas + Overlay ────────────────────────────────────────────── -->
<div class="game-wrapper">
<canvas id="gameCanvas" width="400" height="400"></canvas>
<div class="overlay" id="overlay">
<div class="overlay-emoji" id="overlayEmoji">🐍</div>
<div class="overlay-title" id="overlayTitle">Snake</div>
<div class="overlay-sub" id="overlaySub">Arrow keys or WASD to move<br>P to pause · M to mute</div>
<div class="overlay-score-display" id="overlayScore"></div>
<button class="play-btn" id="playBtn">Start Game</button>
</div>
</div>
<!-- ── Mobile D-Pad ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────── -->
<div class="dpad" id="dpad" aria-label="Direction controls">
<button class="dpad-btn dpad-up" data-dir="UP" >▲</button>
<button class="dpad-btn dpad-left" data-dir="LEFT" >◀</button>
<button class="dpad-btn dpad-down" data-dir="DOWN" >▼</button>
<button class="dpad-btn dpad-right" data-dir="RIGHT">▶</button>
</div>
<footer>Arrow keys / WASD · P = Pause · M = Mute · T = Theme</footer>
<!-- ════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
JAVASCRIPT
════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════ -->
<script>
'use strict';
// ════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
// CONFIG — all magic numbers live here
// ════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
const CONFIG = Object.freeze({
COLS: 20, // grid columns
ROWS: 20, // grid rows
CELL: 20, // pixels per cell (COLS × CELL = 400 = canvas size)
CANVAS_PX: 400,
INIT_INTERVAL: 150, // ms per game tick (lower = faster)
MIN_INTERVAL: 60, // fastest possible tick
SPEED_STEP: 5, // points earned before a speed bump
SPEED_DEC: 9, // ms removed per speed level
MAX_LVL_DOTS: 10, // number of speed-dot indicators
INIT_LENGTH: 3, // starting snake length
MIN_SWIPE: 20, // px threshold for swipe detection
});
// Direction unit vectors
const DIR = Object.freeze({
UP: { x: 0, y: -1 },
DOWN: { x: 0, y: 1 },
LEFT: { x: -1, y: 0 },
RIGHT: { x: 1, y: 0 },
});
// Maps each direction to the one that would cause a 180° reversal
const OPPOSITE = Object.freeze({
UP: 'DOWN', DOWN: 'UP', LEFT: 'RIGHT', RIGHT: 'LEFT',
});
// ════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
// AudioManager — Web Audio API synthesised SFX (no external files)
// ════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
class AudioManager {
constructor() {
this.muted = false;
this._ctx = null; // lazy-init: AudioContext needs a user gesture first
}
/** Returns (or creates) the shared AudioContext. */
_ctx_() {
if (!this._ctx) {
this._ctx = new (window.AudioContext || window.webkitAudioContext)();
}
return this._ctx;
}
/**
* Play a synthesised tone.
* @param {number} freq - Hz
* @param {string} type - OscillatorNode type
* @param {number} dur - seconds
* @param {number} gain - initial gain 0–1
* @param {number} delay - seconds before sound starts
*/
_tone(freq, type, dur, gain = 0.25, delay = 0) {
if (this.muted) return;
try {
const ctx = this._ctx_();
const t = ctx.currentTime + delay;
const osc = ctx.createOscillator();
const vol = ctx.createGain();
osc.connect(vol);
vol.connect(ctx.destination);
osc.type = type;
osc.frequency.setValueAtTime(freq, t);
vol.gain.setValueAtTime(gain, t);
vol.gain.exponentialRampToValueAtTime(0.001, t + dur);
osc.start(t);
osc.stop(t + dur + 0.01);
} catch (_) { /* AudioContext may be blocked – fail silently */ }
}
/** Short ascending two-note chime when food is eaten. */
eat() {
this._tone(523, 'square', 0.08, 0.18); // C5
this._tone(659, 'square', 0.08, 0.14, 0.09); // E5
}
/** Descending crash sound on game over. */
die() {
[440, 370, 311, 261].forEach((f, i) =>
this._tone(f, 'sawtooth', 0.14, 0.22, i * 0.11)
);
}
}
// ════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
// Snake — encapsulates all snake state and movement
// ════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
class Snake {
constructor() { this.reset(); }
reset() {
// Start in the horizontal centre heading right
const midX = Math.floor(CONFIG.COLS / 2);
const midY = Math.floor(CONFIG.ROWS / 2);
// body[0] is the head; segments are ordered head → tail
// i=0 → head at midX, i=1 → midX-1, i=2 → midX-2 (tail)
this.body = [];
for (let i = 0; i < CONFIG.INIT_LENGTH; i++) {
this.body.push({ x: midX - i, y: midY });
}
this.dir = 'RIGHT'; // current committed direction
this.nextDir = 'RIGHT'; // buffered input (applied on next tick)
this._queue = []; // allows exactly one queued direction change
this._grow = 0; // pending growth segments
}
get head() { return this.body[0]; }
get length() { return this.body.length; }
/**
* Buffer a direction change.
* Rejects 180° reversals and duplicate requests.
*/
enqueueDirection(dir) {
// Determine the "current effective direction" for reversal checks
const last = this._queue.length > 0 ? this._queue[this._queue.length - 1] : this.dir;
if (OPPOSITE[last] !== dir && last !== dir) {
this._queue.push(dir);
if (this._queue.length > 2) this._queue.shift(); // cap at 2 buffered inputs
}
}
/** Increase pending growth by n. */
grow(n = 1) { this._grow += n; }
/**
* Advance the snake one step.
* @returns {{ x, y }} — the new head position (for collision checking)
*/
step() {
// Consume next buffered direction
if (this._queue.length > 0) {
this.dir = this._queue.shift();
}
const d = DIR[this.dir];
const newHead = { x: this.head.x + d.x, y: this.head.y + d.y };
this.body.unshift(newHead);
if (this._grow > 0) {
this._grow--; // absorb tail removal (snake grows)
} else {
this.body.pop(); // normal: remove tail segment
}
return newHead;
}
/** Returns true if `pos` overlaps any body segment (skipping index 0 = head by default). */
hitsBody(pos, skipHead = true) {
return this.body
.slice(skipHead ? 1 : 0)
.some(s => s.x === pos.x && s.y === pos.y);
}
/** Returns true if `pos` is outside the grid boundaries. */
hitsWall(pos) {
return pos.x < 0 || pos.x >= CONFIG.COLS
|| pos.y < 0 || pos.y >= CONFIG.ROWS;
}
}
// ════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
// Food — manages food position and pulse animation
// ════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
class Food {
constructor() {
this.pos = { x: 5, y: 5 };
this.phase = 0; // animation phase in radians
}
/**
* Spawn at a random free cell (not occupied by the snake).
* Returns false if the board is completely full.
*/
spawn(snake) {
const free = [];
for (let x = 0; x < CONFIG.COLS; x++) {
for (let y = 0; y < CONFIG.ROWS; y++) {
if (!snake.body.some(s => s.x === x && s.y === y)) {
free.push({ x, y });
}
}
}
if (free.length === 0) return false;
this.pos = free[(Math.random() * free.length) | 0];
this.phase = 0;
return true;
}
/** Advance pulse animation by dt milliseconds. */
tick(dt) {
this.phase = (this.phase + dt * 0.0042) % (Math.PI * 2);
}
}
// ════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
// Renderer — all canvas drawing, zero game logic
// ════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
class Renderer {
constructor(canvas) {
this.canvas = canvas;
this.ctx = canvas.getContext('2d');
}
// ── Helpers ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
/**
* Draws a rounded rectangle path.
* Uses native ctx.roundRect where available; falls back to bezier curves.
*/
_roundRect(x, y, w, h, r) {
const ctx = this.ctx;
if (typeof ctx.roundRect === 'function') {
ctx.roundRect(x, y, w, h, r);
return;
}
// Manual fallback for older browsers
ctx.moveTo(x + r, y);
ctx.lineTo(x + w - r, y);
ctx.quadraticCurveTo(x + w, y, x + w, y + r);
ctx.lineTo(x + w, y + h - r);
ctx.quadraticCurveTo(x + w, y + h, x + w - r, y + h);
ctx.lineTo(x + r, y + h);
ctx.quadraticCurveTo(x, y + h, x, y + h - r);
ctx.lineTo(x, y + r);
ctx.quadraticCurveTo(x, y, x + r, y);
ctx.closePath();
}
// ── Scene drawing ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
/** Fill the canvas background. */
_drawBg(theme) {
const ctx = this.ctx;
ctx.fillStyle = theme === 'dark' ? '#0d1117' : '#f6f8fa';
ctx.fillRect(0, 0, CONFIG.CANVAS_PX, CONFIG.CANVAS_PX);
}
/** Draw the subtle grid lines. */
_drawGrid(theme) {
const ctx = this.ctx;
ctx.save();
ctx.strokeStyle = theme === 'dark'
? 'rgba(255,255,255,0.04)'
: 'rgba(0,0,0,0.05)';
ctx.lineWidth = 0.5;
for (let x = 0; x <= CONFIG.COLS; x++) {
ctx.beginPath();
ctx.moveTo(x * CONFIG.CELL, 0);
ctx.lineTo(x * CONFIG.CELL, CONFIG.CANVAS_PX);
ctx.stroke();
}
for (let y = 0; y <= CONFIG.ROWS; y++) {
ctx.beginPath();
ctx.moveTo(0, y * CONFIG.CELL);
ctx.lineTo(CONFIG.CANVAS_PX, y * CONFIG.CELL);
ctx.stroke();
}
ctx.restore();
}
/** Draw the pulsing food orb. */
_drawFood(food, theme) {
const ctx = this.ctx;
const { pos, phase } = food;
const cx = pos.x * CONFIG.CELL + CONFIG.CELL / 2;
const cy = pos.y * CONFIG.CELL + CONFIG.CELL / 2;
const pulse = Math.sin(phase); // −1 … +1
const r = CONFIG.CELL * 0.36 + pulse * 0.9;
const color = theme === 'dark' ? '#ff6b6b' : '#cf222e';
ctx.save();
ctx.shadowColor = color;
ctx.shadowBlur = 12 + pulse * 4;
// Main body
ctx.fillStyle = color;
ctx.beginPath();
ctx.arc(cx, cy, r, 0, Math.PI * 2);
ctx.fill();
// Specular highlight
ctx.shadowBlur = 0;
ctx.fillStyle = 'rgba(255,255,255,0.45)';
ctx.beginPath();
ctx.arc(cx - r * 0.28, cy - r * 0.28, r * 0.28, 0, Math.PI * 2);
ctx.fill();
ctx.restore();
}
/** Draw the snake body with gradient colouring. */
_drawSnake(snake, theme) {
const ctx = this.ctx;
const len = snake.body.length;
snake.body.forEach((seg, i) => {
const t = i / Math.max(len - 1, 1); // 0 = head, 1 = tail
const pad = i === 0 ? 1 : 2; // head is slightly larger
const sz = CONFIG.CELL - pad * 2;
const x = seg.x * CONFIG.CELL + pad;
const y = seg.y * CONFIG.CELL + pad;
const rad = i === 0 ? 5 : 4;
if (theme === 'dark') {
// Bright green → dim teal towards tail
const g = Math.round(220 - t * 110);
const b = Math.round(100 - t * 60);
const a = 1 - t * 0.45;
ctx.fillStyle = i === 0
? '#3ddc84'
: `rgba(0, ${g}, ${b}, ${a})`;
} else {
// Dark green → medium green towards tail
const r = Math.round(20 + t * 80);
const g = Math.round(127 - t * 65);
const b = Math.round(50 - t * 30);
const a = 1 - t * 0.4;
ctx.fillStyle = i === 0
? '#1a7f37'
: `rgba(${r}, ${g}, ${b}, ${a})`;
}
ctx.beginPath();
this._roundRect(x, y, sz, sz, rad);
ctx.fill();
});
// Eyes drawn on top of the head
this._drawEyes(snake);
}
/** Draw the snake's eyes (positioned by current facing direction). */
_drawEyes(snake) {
const ctx = this.ctx;
const head = snake.body[0];
const dir = snake.dir;
const cx = head.x * CONFIG.CELL + CONFIG.CELL / 2;
const cy = head.y * CONFIG.CELL + CONFIG.CELL / 2;
const fwd = DIR[dir];
// Perpendicular axis to the direction of travel
const perp = (dir === 'UP' || dir === 'DOWN')
? { x: 1, y: 0 }
: { x: 0, y: 1 };
const reach = 3.8; // how far forward the eyes sit
const sep = 3.2; // half-separation between the two eyes
const eyeR = 2.2;
const pupR = 1.1;
const eyes = [
{ x: cx + fwd.x * reach + perp.x * sep, y: cy + fwd.y * reach + perp.y * sep },
{ x: cx + fwd.x * reach - perp.x * sep, y: cy + fwd.y * reach - perp.y * sep },
];
ctx.save();
// White sclerae
ctx.fillStyle = '#fff';
eyes.forEach(e => {
ctx.beginPath();
ctx.arc(e.x, e.y, eyeR, 0, Math.PI * 2);
ctx.fill();
});
// Dark pupils (shifted slightly forward for character)
ctx.fillStyle = '#111';
eyes.forEach(e => {
ctx.beginPath();
ctx.arc(e.x + fwd.x * 0.9, e.y + fwd.y * 0.9, pupR, 0, Math.PI * 2);
ctx.fill();
});
ctx.restore();
}
// ── Public API ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
/** Render one complete frame. */
render(snake, food, theme) {
this._drawBg(theme);
this._drawGrid(theme);
this._drawFood(food, theme);
this._drawSnake(snake, theme);
}
}
// ════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
// Game — main orchestrator: lifecycle, input, loop, UI updates
// ════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
class Game {
constructor() {
// ── Sub-systems ────────────────────────────────────────────────────
this.snake = new Snake();
this.food = new Food();
this.renderer = new Renderer(document.getElementById('gameCanvas'));
this.audio = new AudioManager();
// ── Persisted state ────────────────────────────────────────────────
this.highScore = parseInt(localStorage.getItem('snakeHS') || '0', 10);
this.theme = localStorage.getItem('snakeTheme') || 'dark';
// ── Runtime state ──────────────────────────────────────────────────
this.score = 0;
this.running = false;
this.paused = false;
this.rafId = null;
// Fixed-timestep loop variables
this.lastTimestamp = 0;
this.accumulated = 0;
this.interval = CONFIG.INIT_INTERVAL; // ms per tick
// Touch tracking (swipe detection)
this._touchOrigin = null;
// ── Bootstrap ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────
this._buildSpeedDots();
this._bindUI();
this._applyTheme(false); // no re-render yet
this._setHighScore(this.highScore);
this.renderer.render(this.snake, this.food, this.theme); // first frame
}
// ════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
// UI helpers
// ════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
_buildSpeedDots() {
const container = document.getElementById('speedDots');
for (let i = 0; i < CONFIG.MAX_LVL_DOTS; i++) {
const d = document.createElement('div');
d.className = 'speed-dot';
container.appendChild(d);
}
}
_showOverlay(visible) {
document.getElementById('overlay').classList.toggle('hidden', !visible);
}
_setScore(n) {
this.score = n;
const el = document.getElementById('scoreVal');
el.textContent = n;
el.classList.remove('bump');
void el.offsetWidth; // force reflow to restart the animation
el.classList.add('bump');
}
_setHighScore(n) {
this.highScore = n;
document.getElementById('bestVal').textContent = n;
}
_updateSpeedDots(level) {
document.querySelectorAll('.speed-dot').forEach((d, i) =>
d.classList.toggle('on', i < Math.min(level, CONFIG.MAX_LVL_DOTS))
);
}
_applyTheme(redraw = true) {
document.documentElement.setAttribute('data-theme', this.theme);
document.getElementById('themeBtn').textContent =
this.theme === 'dark' ? '🌙' : '☀️';
if (redraw) this.renderer.render(this.snake, this.food, this.theme);
}
// ════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
// Input binding
// ════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
_bindUI() {
// ── Header buttons ────────────────────────────────────────────────
document.getElementById('themeBtn').addEventListener('click', () => {
this.theme = this.theme === 'dark' ? 'light' : 'dark';
localStorage.setItem('snakeTheme', this.theme);
this._applyTheme();
});
document.getElementById('pauseBtn').addEventListener('click', () => {
this._togglePause();
});
document.getElementById('soundBtn').addEventListener('click', () => {
this._toggleSound();
});
// ── Overlay play button ───────────────────────────────────────────
document.getElementById('playBtn').addEventListener('click', () => {
if (this.paused) this._togglePause();
else this._start();
});
// ── Keyboard ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────
window.addEventListener('keydown', e => this._onKey(e));
// ── Mobile D-pad ──────────────────────────────────────────────────
document.querySelectorAll('.dpad-btn').forEach(btn => {
// touchstart for instant response; mousedown for desktop testing
btn.addEventListener('touchstart', e => {
e.preventDefault();
this._onDirectionInput(btn.dataset.dir);
}, { passive: false });
btn.addEventListener('mousedown', () => {
this._onDirectionInput(btn.dataset.dir);
});
});
// ── Swipe on canvas ───────────────────────────────────────────────
const canvas = document.getElementById('gameCanvas');
canvas.addEventListener('touchstart', e => {
e.preventDefault();
this._touchOrigin = { x: e.touches[0].clientX, y: e.touches[0].clientY };
}, { passive: false });
canvas.addEventListener('touchend', e => {
if (!this._touchOrigin) return;
const dx = e.changedTouches[0].clientX - this._touchOrigin.x;
const dy = e.changedTouches[0].clientY - this._touchOrigin.y;
const adx = Math.abs(dx), ady = Math.abs(dy);
if (adx < CONFIG.MIN_SWIPE && ady < CONFIG.MIN_SWIPE) return;
const dir = adx > ady
? (dx > 0 ? 'RIGHT' : 'LEFT')
: (dy > 0 ? 'DOWN' : 'UP');
this._onDirectionInput(dir);
this._touchOrigin = null;
}, { passive: false });
}
_onKey(e) {
const MAP = {
ArrowUp: 'UP', ArrowDown: 'DOWN', ArrowLeft: 'LEFT', ArrowRight: 'RIGHT',
w: 'UP', s: 'DOWN', a: 'LEFT', d: 'RIGHT',
W: 'UP', S: 'DOWN', A: 'LEFT', D: 'RIGHT',
};
// Prevent page scrolling on arrow/space keys
if (['ArrowUp','ArrowDown','ArrowLeft','ArrowRight',' '].includes(e.key)) {
e.preventDefault();
}
switch (e.key) {
case 'p': case 'P': this._togglePause(); return;
case 'm': case 'M': this._toggleSound(); return;
case 't': case 'T':
this.theme = this.theme === 'dark' ? 'light' : 'dark';
localStorage.setItem('snakeTheme', this.theme);
this._applyTheme();
return;
case 'Enter': case ' ':
if (!this.running || this.paused) {
if (this.paused) this._togglePause();
else this._start();
}
return;
}
const dir = MAP[e.key];
if (dir) this._onDirectionInput(dir);
}
/**
* Shared handler for all direction inputs (keyboard, D-pad, swipe).
* Starts or resumes the game if not currently active.
*/
_onDirectionInput(dir) {
if (!this.running) { this._start(); return; }
if (this.paused) { this._togglePause(); return; }
this.snake.enqueueDirection(dir);
}
// ════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
// Game lifecycle
// ════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
/** Start (or restart) the game from scratch. */
_start() {
cancelAnimationFrame(this.rafId);
this.snake.reset();
this.food.spawn(this.snake);
this.score = 0;
this.interval = CONFIG.INIT_INTERVAL;
this.accumulated = 0;
this.running = true;
this.paused = false;
this._setScore(0);
this._updateSpeedDots(0);
this._showOverlay(false);
document.getElementById('pauseBtn').textContent = '⏸';
this.lastTimestamp = performance.now();
this.rafId = requestAnimationFrame(ts => this._loop(ts));
}
/** Toggle pause / resume. */
_togglePause() {
if (!this.running) return;
if (this.paused) {
// ── Resume ──
this.paused = false;
this.lastTimestamp = performance.now(); // reset to prevent time jump
this.accumulated = 0;
document.getElementById('pauseBtn').textContent = '⏸';
this._showOverlay(false);
this.rafId = requestAnimationFrame(ts => this._loop(ts));
} else {
// ── Pause ──
this.paused = true;
cancelAnimationFrame(this.rafId);
document.getElementById('pauseBtn').textContent = '▶';
// Update overlay content then show
document.getElementById('overlayEmoji').textContent = '⏸';
document.getElementById('overlayTitle').textContent = 'Paused';
document.getElementById('overlaySub').textContent = 'Press P or ▶ to resume';
document.getElementById('overlayScore').textContent = '';
document.getElementById('playBtn').textContent = 'Resume';
this._showOverlay(true);
}
}
_toggleSound() {
this.audio.muted = !this.audio.muted;
document.getElementById('soundBtn').textContent =
this.audio.muted ? '🔇' : '🔊';
}
/** Trigger game-over state. */
_gameOver() {
this.running = false;
cancelAnimationFrame(this.rafId);
this.audio.die();
// Persist high score
if (this.score > this.highScore) {
localStorage.setItem('snakeHS', this.score);
this._setHighScore(this.score);
}
// Show game-over overlay
document.getElementById('overlayEmoji').textContent = '💀';
document.getElementById('overlayTitle').textContent = 'Game Over';
document.getElementById('overlaySub').textContent = 'Better luck next time!';
document.getElementById('overlayScore').textContent = `Score: ${this.score}`;
document.getElementById('playBtn').textContent = 'Play Again';
this._showOverlay(true);