Count trailing zeros in IsEvenInteger and IsOddInteger

Trailing zeros are stored in the exponent, so 10 is significand 1 at
exponent 1. The parity checks read only the significand, so every
multiple of 10 whose significand was odd (10, 30, 100, ...) reported as
odd. Any positive exponent makes the value a multiple of 10 and therefore
even; only a value at exponent 0 takes its parity from the significand.

Fixes #104

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_018AEYBNCRr6chFLiZDv1MVj

Author: claude

PreciseNumber.Test/PreciseNumberTests.cs

@@ -543,6 +543,42 @@ public void TestIsOddInteger()
 		Assert.IsFalse(PreciseNumber.IsOddInteger(two), "Two should not be an odd integer");
 	}
 
+	// Trailing zeros are stored in the exponent, so 10 is significand 1 at exponent 1. The parity
+	// checks used to read only the significand, which made every multiple of 10 look odd.
+
+	[TestMethod]
+	[DataRow(10)]
+	[DataRow(100)]
+	[DataRow(30)]
+	[DataRow(-20)]
+	[DataRow(1000000)]
+	public void TestIsEvenIntegerForMultiplesOfTen(int value)
+	{
+		PreciseNumber number = value.ToPreciseNumber();
+		Assert.IsTrue(PreciseNumber.IsEvenInteger(number), $"{value} should be an even integer");
+		Assert.IsFalse(PreciseNumber.IsOddInteger(number), $"{value} should not be an odd integer");
+	}
+
+	[TestMethod]
+	public void TestParityOfASumWithTrailingZero()
+	{
+		PreciseNumber sum = 7.ToPreciseNumber() + 3.ToPreciseNumber();
+		Assert.IsTrue(PreciseNumber.IsEvenInteger(sum), "7 + 3 should be an even integer");
+		Assert.IsFalse(PreciseNumber.IsOddInteger(sum), "7 + 3 should not be an odd integer");
+	}
+
+	[TestMethod]
+	[DataRow(1)]
+	[DataRow(-3)]
+	[DataRow(21)]
+	[DataRow(1001)]
+	public void TestIsOddIntegerForOddValues(int value)
+	{
+		PreciseNumber number = value.ToPreciseNumber();
+		Assert.IsTrue(PreciseNumber.IsOddInteger(number), $"{value} should be an odd integer");
+		Assert.IsFalse(PreciseNumber.IsEvenInteger(number), $"{value} should not be an even integer");
+	}
+
 	[TestMethod]
 	public void TestIsPositive()
 	{

PreciseNumber/PreciseNumber.cs

@@ -1045,7 +1045,13 @@ public static PreciseNumber Abs(PreciseNumber value) =>
 	public static bool IsComplexNumber(PreciseNumber value) => !IsRealNumber(value);
 
 	/// <inheritdoc/>
-	public static bool IsEvenInteger(PreciseNumber value) => IsInteger(value) && value.Significand.IsEven;
+	/// <remarks>
+	/// Trailing zeros are stored in <see cref="Exponent"/>, so 10 is significand 1 at exponent 1. The
+	/// significand's parity is the value's only at exponent 0; any positive exponent makes the value a
+	/// multiple of 10, and so even.
+	/// </remarks>
+	public static bool IsEvenInteger(PreciseNumber value) =>
+		IsInteger(value) && (value.Exponent > 0 || value.Significand.IsEven);
 
 	/// <inheritdoc/>
 	public static bool IsFinite(PreciseNumber value) => true;
@@ -1077,7 +1083,11 @@ public static bool IsInteger(PreciseNumber value) =>
 	public static bool IsNormal(PreciseNumber value) => true;
 
 	/// <inheritdoc/>
-	public static bool IsOddInteger(PreciseNumber value) => IsInteger(value) && !value.Significand.IsEven;
+	/// <remarks>
+	/// Only a value at exponent 0 can be odd, for the reason given on <see cref="IsEvenInteger"/>.
+	/// </remarks>
+	public static bool IsOddInteger(PreciseNumber value) =>
+		IsInteger(value) && value.Exponent == 0 && !value.Significand.IsEven;
 
 	/// <inheritdoc/>
 	public static bool IsPositive(PreciseNumber value) =>