Library_with_GUI.py

# Little Virtual Library with GUI

# ===== Importing Libraries =====
import json
import os
import tkinter.font as tkFont
from tkinter import *
from tkinter import messagebox, ttk

import ttkbootstrap as tb
from ttkbootstrap.constants import *

# ===== GUI Setup =====
root = tb.Window(themename="solar")

default_font = tkFont.nametofont("TkDefaultFont")
default_font.configure(size=14)
root.option_add("*Font", default_font)

style = tb.Style()
style.configure("TButton", font=("Segoe UI", 14))
style.configure("TLabel", font=("Segoe UI", 16))

root.title("Your little virtual library")
root.geometry("1024x768")

menu_frame = ttk.Frame(root)
add_book_frame = ttk.Frame(root)
search_for_book_frame = ttk.Frame(root)
display_library_frame = ttk.Frame(root)
delete_book_frame = ttk.Frame(root)

all_frames = [
    menu_frame,
    add_book_frame,
    search_for_book_frame,
    display_library_frame,
    delete_book_frame,
]

message_label = ttk.Label(root, text="")


def show_frame(frame_to_show):
    """Show the selected frame in the GUI."""
    for f in all_frames:
        f.pack_forget()
    frame_to_show.pack(pady=20)
    message_label.pack(pady=10)


def clear_message():
    """Clear the message label."""
    message_label.config(text="")


# ===== Library Data Handling =====
library_file_path = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "user_library.json")


def read_library_from_file():
    """Read library data from JSON file."""
    if not os.path.exists(library_file_path):
        with open(library_file_path, "w") as file:
            json.dump([], file)
        return []
    with open(library_file_path, "r") as file:
        return json.load(file)


library = read_library_from_file()


def save_to_file():
    """Save current library data to JSON file."""
    with open(library_file_path, "w") as file:
        json.dump(library, file)
    confirm_label = ttk.Label(root, text="Changes saved successfully!")
    confirm_label.pack(pady=10)
    root.after(2000, confirm_label.destroy)


# ===== Book Operations Functions =====
def add_book():
    """Add a new book to the library."""
    add_book_message_label.config(text="")

    author = entry_author.get().strip()
    title = entry_title.get().strip()
    year = entry_year.get().strip()

    if not author or not title or not year:
        add_book_message_label.config(text="All fields are required!")
        return

    if not year.isdigit() or len(year) != 4:
        year = int(year)
        add_book_message_label.config(
            text="Year of release must be a 4-digit number. Try again"
        )
        return

    if 1100 <= int(year) <= 2100:
        new_book = {"author": author, "title": title, "year": year}
    else:
        add_book_message_label.config(
            text="The entered number must be a real publication year. Try again."
        )
        return

    library.append(new_book)
    save_to_file()
    clear_add_book_form()

    add_book_message_label.config(text="You can add another book or return to menu.")


def search_books():
    """Search for books by title or author."""
    searched_phrase = entry_searched_phrase.get().strip()

    if not searched_phrase:
        search_book_label.config(
            text="Please enter a title or author to you're looking for."
        )
        return

    search_matches = []
    for book in library:
        if (
            searched_phrase.lower() in book["title"].lower()
            or searched_phrase.lower() in book["author"].lower()
        ):
            search_matches.append(book)

    if not search_matches:
        search_book_label.config(text="No books found matching your search.")
    else:
        display_books_in_frame(tree_frame_search, search_matches)
        search_book_label.config(
            text="You can enter data to search for another book or go back to main menu."  # added that label to inform user
        )

    clear_search_form()


def display_full_library():
    """Display all books in the library."""
    library = read_library_from_file()

    for widget in display_library_frame.winfo_children():
        widget.destroy()

    if not library:
        info_label = ttk.Label(display_library_frame, text="Your library is empty")
        info_label.pack(pady=10)
        return

    display_books_in_frame(tree_frame_library, library)


def delete_book():
    """Delete selected books from the library."""
    global library
    if not library:
        display_books_in_frame(tree_frame_delete, library, selectmode="extended")
        info_label = ttk.Label(
            delete_book_frame, text="Library is empty. Nothing to delete."
        )
        info_label.pack(pady=10)
        return

    selected_items = tree_frame_delete.tree.selection()

    if not selected_items:
        messagebox.showinfo("Info", "Please select book(s) to delete")
        return

    items_to_delete = []

    for item_to_delete in selected_items:
        values = tree_frame_delete.tree.item(item_to_delete, "values")

        for i, book in enumerate(library):
            if (
                book["author"] == values[0]
                and book["title"] == values[1]
                and book["year"] == values[2]
            ):
                items_to_delete.append(i)

    items_to_delete.sort(reverse=True)

    for item_to_delete in items_to_delete:
        library.pop(item_to_delete)

    save_to_file()

    tree_frame_delete.tree = display_books_in_frame(
        tree_frame_delete, library, selectmode="extended"
    )

    display_books_in_frame(tree_frame_library, library)
    display_books_in_frame(tree_frame_search, library)


def display_updated_library():
    """Refresh the library display in all views."""
    global library
    library = read_library_from_file()

    if "tree_frame_library" in globals():
        display_books_in_frame(tree_frame_library, library)

    if "tree_frame_delete" in globals():
        display_books_in_frame(tree_frame_delete, library, selectmode="extended")

    if "tree_frame_search" in globals():
        display_books_in_frame(tree_frame_search, library)


# ===== GUI Building =====
def build_menu_frame():
    """Build the main menu frame with navigation buttons."""
    message_label.config(text="Welcome to your virtual library!")
    message_label.pack(pady=10)

    add_book_button = ttk.Button(
        menu_frame,
        text="Adding book(s)",
        command=lambda: show_frame(add_book_frame),
        style="TButton",
    )
    add_book_button.pack(pady=10)

    search_book_button = ttk.Button(
        menu_frame,
        text="Search for a book",
        command=lambda: show_frame(search_for_book_frame),
        style="TButton",
    )
    search_book_button.pack(pady=10)

    display_library_button = ttk.Button(
        menu_frame,
        text="Display full library",
        command=lambda: (display_updated_library(), show_frame(display_library_frame)),
        style="TButton",
    )
    display_library_button.pack(pady=10)

    delete_book_button = ttk.Button(
        menu_frame,
        text="Delete a book",
        command=lambda: (display_updated_library(), show_frame(delete_book_frame)),
        style="TButton",
    )
    delete_book_button.pack(pady=10)

    exit_button = ttk.Button(
        menu_frame, text="Exit library", command=root.quit, style="TButton"
    )
    exit_button.pack(pady=10)


def build_add_book_frame():
    """Build the frame for adding a new book."""
    global add_book_message_label
    global entry_author, entry_title, entry_year

    add_book_message_label = ttk.Label(
        add_book_frame, text="Please fill in all fields to add a book to your library"
    )
    add_book_message_label.pack(pady=10)

    author_label = ttk.Label(add_book_frame, text="Author")
    author_label.pack(pady=10)
    entry_author = Entry(add_book_frame, font=("Arial", 14))
    entry_author.pack(pady=5)

    title_label = ttk.Label(add_book_frame, text="Title")
    title_label.pack(pady=10)
    entry_title = Entry(add_book_frame, font=("Arial", 14))
    entry_title.pack(pady=5)

    year_label = ttk.Label(add_book_frame, text="Year of release")
    year_label.pack(pady=10)
    entry_year = Entry(add_book_frame, font=("Arial", 14))
    entry_year.pack(pady=5)

    add_book_button = ttk.Button(
        add_book_frame, text="Add book to library", command=add_book
    )
    add_book_button.pack(pady=10)

    to_menu_button = ttk.Button(
        add_book_frame, text="Back to menu", command=lambda: show_frame(menu_frame)
    )
    to_menu_button.pack(pady=10)

    clear_add_book_form()


def build_search_frame():
    """Build the frame for searching books."""
    global entry_searched_phrase, search_book_label, tree_frame_search

    search_book_label = ttk.Label(
        search_for_book_frame, text="Enter book title or author to search."
    )
    search_book_label.pack(pady=10)

    entry_searched_phrase = ttk.Entry(search_for_book_frame)
    entry_searched_phrase.pack(pady=10)

    tree_frame_search = Frame(search_for_book_frame)
    tree_frame_search.pack(padx=10, pady=10, fill="both", expand=True)

    searching_button = ttk.Button(
        search_for_book_frame, text="Search for book", command=search_books
    )
    searching_button.pack(pady=10)

    to_menu_button = ttk.Button(
        search_for_book_frame,
        text="Back to menu",
        command=lambda: show_frame(menu_frame),
    )
    to_menu_button.pack(pady=10)
    clear_search_form()


def build_display_library_frame():
    """Build the frame to display the full library."""
    global tree_frame_library

    full_library_label = ttk.Label(
        display_library_frame, text="This is full list of books in your library."
    )
    full_library_label.pack(pady=10)

    tree_frame_library = Frame(display_library_frame)
    tree_frame_library.pack(padx=10, pady=10, fill="both", expand=True)

    to_menu_button = ttk.Button(
        display_library_frame,
        text="Back to menu",
        command=lambda: show_frame(menu_frame),
    )
    to_menu_button.pack(pady=10)


def build_delete_frame():
    """Build the frame for deleting books."""
    global tree_frame_delete, delete_book_label
    global library

    library = read_library_from_file()

    for widget in delete_book_frame.winfo_children():
        widget.destroy()

    delete_book_label = ttk.Label(
        delete_book_frame, text="Pick the book(s), that you would like to delete."
    )
    delete_book_label.pack(pady=10)

    tree_frame_delete = Frame(delete_book_frame)
    tree_frame_delete.pack(padx=10, pady=10, fill="both", expand=True)

    display_books_in_frame(tree_frame_delete, library, selectmode="extended")

    delete_book_button = ttk.Button(
        delete_book_frame, text="Delete book", command=delete_book
    )
    delete_book_button.pack(pady=10)

    to_menu_button = ttk.Button(
        delete_book_frame, text="Back to menu", command=lambda: show_frame(menu_frame)
    )
    to_menu_button.pack(pady=10)


def display_books_in_frame(frame, books, selectmode="browse"):
    """Display a list of books in a Treeview widget within the given frame."""
    global tree

    for widget in frame.winfo_children():
        widget.destroy()

    if not books:
        info_label = ttk.Label(frame, text="No books to display")
        info_label.pack(pady=10)
        return

    style = ttk.Style()
    style.configure("Treeview", rowheight=30, borderwidth=1, relief="solid")
    style.configure(
        "Treeview.Heading",
        background="#d9eaf7",
        foreground="#333333",
        font=("Segoe UI", 14, "bold"),
    )

    tree = ttk.Treeview(
        frame,
        columns=("author", "title", "year"),
        show="headings",
        height=10,
        selectmode=selectmode,
    )
    tree.heading("author", text="AUTHOR")
    tree.heading("title", text="TITLE")
    tree.heading("year", text="YEAR")

    tree.column("author", width=300, anchor="center", stretch=True)
    tree.column("title", width=500, anchor="center", stretch=True)
    tree.column("year", width=100, anchor="center", stretch=False)

    for book in books:
        tree.insert("", "end", values=(book["author"], book["title"], book["year"]))

    scrollbar = ttk.Scrollbar(frame, orient="vertical", command=tree.yview)
    scrollbar.pack(side="right", fill="y")
    tree.configure(yscrollcommand=scrollbar.set)

    tree.pack(side="left", fill="both", expand=True)
    frame.tree = tree
    return tree


def clear_add_book_form():
    """Clear the input fields in the add book form."""
    entry_author.delete(0, END)
    entry_title.delete(0, END)
    entry_year.delete(0, END)


def clear_search_form():
    """Clear the search input field."""
    entry_searched_phrase.delete(0, END)


# ===== Initialize and run the GUI =====
build_menu_frame()
build_add_book_frame()
build_search_frame()
build_display_library_frame()
build_delete_frame()


show_frame(menu_frame)

root.mainloop()